Nearly 10% of the world's population has a sun allergy . This condition, called photosensitivity or polymorphic light eruption , causes skin rashes, itching and a burning sensation. It is often mistaken for a simple sunburn but is actually a specific immune reaction.
This article will tell you about the causes, symptoms, and treatments of sun allergy. You will also learn how to avoid photosensitivity reactions. Whether you are affected or just curious, this article is for you.
Key points to remember- Sun allergy affects about 10% of the world's population
- It manifests itself with a rash , itching and a burning sensation.
- Causes may be drug-related or related to underlying diseases
- Diagnosis is essential for appropriate care
- Prevention involves avoiding prolonged exposure to UV rays
What is sun allergy?
Sun allergy, or benign summer light eruption, is a skin reaction to UV rays . It causes itching and a burning sensation. This happens even after a short time in the sun.
Definition of sun allergy
This allergy makes the skin very sensitive to UV rays. People who suffer from it have a strong skin reaction to the sun. This reaction can start immediately or later, and can last for several days.
Symptoms of sun allergy include:
- Rash
- Itching
- Redness
- Burning sensation
- Small blisters
Difference between sun allergy and sunburn
It is important to understand the difference between sun allergy and sunburn . Sunburn is a burn caused by too much sun. Sun allergy is a specific immune reaction.
|
Sun allergy |
Sunburn |
|
Immunological reaction |
Burn caused by excessive exposure |
|
May appear after short exposure |
Usually requires prolonged exposure |
|
Skin rash , itching, burning sensation |
Redness, pain, blisters in severe cases |
In conclusion, sun allergy is a specific skin reaction to UV rays. It is distinguished from sunburn by its mechanism and symptoms.
Causes of Sun Allergy
Sun allergy, or polymorphic light eruption , has several causes. UV rays are the main trigger. But, some factors can increase the risk. Let's see the main causes of this allergy.
Genetic factors
Heredity is important for the predisposition to sun allergy. If your family has cases, you are more likely to have it. Genetic variations make the skin more sensitive to UV, increasing the risk.
Photosensitizing drugs
Some medications make the skin sensitive to the sun, causing photosensitivity . Antibiotics, anti-inflammatories and diuretics are among them. Protect your skin from the sun if you take them.
Underlying diseases
Lupus and other autoimmune diseases can increase the risk. Lupus attacks healthy tissues, including the skin. People with the condition are more sensitive to sunlight.
Vitamin D deficiency and low melanin production can also increase the risk. Vitamin D is crucial for the skin. Melanin protects against UV rays.
See a doctor if you think you have a sun allergy . Proper diagnosis and treatment can help you manage this condition.
|
Cause |
Description |
|
Genetic factors |
Specific genetic variations making skin more sensitive to UV rays |
|
Photosensitizing drugs |
Antibiotics, anti-inflammatories, diuretics |
|
Autoimmune diseases |
Lupus , increasing sensitivity to the sun |
|
Vitamin D deficiency |
Essential vitamin for skin health |
|
Low melanin production |
Pigment that naturally protects the skin from UV rays |
Symptoms of Sun Allergy
Symptoms of sun allergy vary from person to person. They include a red, itchy rash on exposed areas. You may also feel a burning or stinging sensation, and see swelling of the skin.
Severe cases can result in blisters or skin lesions. This causes great discomfort. Hives, with its red, swollen patches, are a common symptom.
- The face
- The neck
- The neckline
- The arms
- The legs
If these symptoms appear, you should consult a dermatologist. This will allow you to obtain an appropriate diagnosis and treatment.
The severity of symptoms varies. Here is a table to assess their severity:
|
Severity |
Rash |
Itching |
Burn |
Blisters |
Edema |
Urticaria |
|
Light |
Limited, red |
Light |
Absent |
Absent |
Absent |
Absent |
|
Moderate |
Extended, red |
Moderate |
Light |
Rare |
Light |
Located |
|
Severe |
Generalized, bright red |
Intense |
Forte |
Many |
Important |
Extended |
When faced with a sun allergy , protecting your skin is crucial. Avoid prolonged direct exposure to UV rays. Appropriate medical treatment, prescribed by a dermatologist, can relieve symptoms and prevent complications.
Sun allergy treatments
If you have symptoms of sun allergy, consult a dermatologist. He will do a clinical examination and skin tests to diagnose. After diagnosis, several treatments will be proposed.
Prevention and sun protection
The best way to combat sun allergy is to prevent it. Limit your exposure to UV rays, especially during the hottest hours. Wear covering clothing such as long sleeves and a hat.
It is possible to apply sunscreens, or a total screen against UVA and UVB. This protects you against skin reactions. However, when applying sunscreens, you should be aware of the following:
- The harmful chemical components contained in these creams for humans
- Sunscreens impact the skin's production of vitamin D by reducing its absorption capacity.
The role of Vitamin D in health
Vitamin D plays several essential roles in human health:
- Bone health
- Immune system
- Muscle function
- Cardiovascular health
- Prevention of chronic diseases
- Mental health
- Cancer prevention and treatment
The main source of vitamin D is sun exposure, as the skin produces the vitamin when exposed to UVB rays. However, it can also be obtained from certain foods (such as oily fish, liver, eggs, and fortified dairy products) and supplements.
It is important to maintain adequate levels of vitamin D, but also to be careful not to consume too much, as levels that are too high can cause adverse effects.
Drug treatments and phototherapy
If you have itching or inflammation, an antihistamine can help, such as histaminum in homeopathy. Sometimes, phototherapy is used to gradually desensitize you. This method should be done under medical supervision.
Natural treatments like aloe vera or coconut oil can soothe irritations. Good hydration and a diet rich in antioxidants also strengthen your skin's defenses.
Diet and its importance in preparing the skin
As we write this article, we are in the summer vacation period, conducive to sunburn and sun allergies. It is therefore important to understand that the skin prepares itself from the inside out, through a good diet and sufficient hydration.
To prepare your skin to optimally receive the sun, you must first avoid eating processed foods, as well as various vegetable oils that oxidize easily. Instead, favor a Mediterranean diet rich in meat, fish, vegetables and fruits. Consuming plenty of fruit and enough water is a key to preparing your skin and avoiding allergies and sunburn.
Sun allergy: Grandma's recipe
Here are some grandmother's recipes in case of sun allergies
- Aloe Vera: Aloe vera has anti-inflammatory and soothing properties.
- Ingredients : Fresh aloe vera gel.
- Directions : Apply aloe vera gel directly to the affected areas. Leave on for 20 to 30 minutes, then rinse with warm water. Repeat two to three times daily.
- Green Tea : Green tea contains antioxidants that may help reduce inflammation.
- Ingredients : 2-3 green tea bags.
- Instructions : Prepare an infusion with the green tea bags and let it cool. Soak a clean cloth in the infusion and apply it to the affected areas. Leave it on for 15 to 20 minutes. Repeat several times a day.
- Cucumber : Cucumber has cooling and moisturizing properties.
- Ingredients : 1 fresh cucumber.
- Directions : Peel and grate the cucumber. Apply the pulp directly to the affected skin and leave for 20 to 30 minutes. Rinse with warm water. Repeat two to three times a day.
- Coconut Oil : Coconut oil has moisturizing and soothing properties.
- Ingredients : Virgin coconut oil.
- Directions : Apply a small amount of coconut oil to affected areas and massage gently until absorbed. Use two to three times daily.
These remedies may help relieve sun allergy symptoms, but they are not a substitute for medical advice. If symptoms persist or worsen, consult a healthcare professional.
FAQ
What is the difference between a sun allergy and sunburn?
Sunburn is a burn caused by too much sun. Sun allergy is an immune reaction to UV rays. People with allergies experience itching and a burning sensation after a short time in the sun.
What are the risk factors for sun allergy?
Risks include family allergies, certain medications , autoimmune diseases, lack of vitamin D and low melanin.
How does sun allergy manifest itself?
Symptoms include a red rash, itching, burning, blisters, swelling and hives . They affect the face, neck, décolleté, arms and legs.
How is sun allergy treated?
Avoid the sun, wear covering clothing and use sunscreen. Antihistamines relieve itching. Phototherapy can help. Aloe vera and hydration are beneficial.
Can sun allergy be prevented?
Prevention is crucial. Limit exposure to hot hours, wear long clothing, a hat and glasses. A diet rich in antioxidants strengthens your defenses.
References
NIH – National Cancel Institute, Vitamin D and Cancer, https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/diet/vitamin-d-fact-sheet